| The Effect of Clonidine on Duration of Spinal Anesthesia. |
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Byeong Deok Kim, Jae Young Kwon, Hae Kyu Kim, Seong Wan Baik, Inn Se Kim, Kyoo Sub Chung |
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Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea. |
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| Abstract |
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Spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric tetracaine has short action duration, therefore it is inappropriate to long term operation. Clonidine has been shown to stimulate central and peripheral alpha two adrenergic receptors. By these central adrenergic action, clonidine decreases the MAC of anesthetics. Clonidine also has analgesic property following intrathecal administration. These properties may make clonidine as a useful adjunct to extend anesthesia time with spinal anesthesia. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of clonidine in spinal anesthesia. Thirty healthy adult patients who were scheduled for orthopedic operation below knee were divided into 3 groups: Group1 (hyperbaric tetracaine 10 mg(2 ml)+N/S 1 ml), Group2I (hyperbaric tetracaine 10 mg with clonidine 75 ug(0.5 ml)+N/S 0.5 ml) and Group3 (hyperbaric tetracaine 10 mg with clonidine 150 ug(1 ml). We investigated the onset and duration of spinal anesthesia and hemodynamic changes (blood pressure and heart rate). The results were as follows 1) There were no significant changes between groups in hemodynamic data. 2) The onset of spinal anesthesia was more rapid in the group 2 (knee flexion 2.9+/-0.7, foot dorsiflexion 4.6+/-0.8 minutes) and 3 (knee flexion 2.0+/-0.4, foot dorsiflexion 4.1+/-0.7 minutes) than group I (knee flexion 4.9+/-1.6, foot dorsiflexion 9.1+/-3.4 minutes). 3) The time to recovery of nerve block was more prolonged in the group 2 (touch 256, pain 295, foot dorsiflexion 276, knee flexion 300 minutes) and 3 (touch 295, pain 312, foot dorsiflexion 339, knee flexion 385 minutes) than group 1 (touch 143, pain 176, foot dorsiflexion 178, knee flexion 195 minutes). 4) There were more sedation and dry mouth in group 2 and group 3. From the above results, clonidine can be used as an effective adjunct in hyperbaric tetracaine spinal anesthesia to make rapid onset and prolonged anesthesia without significant hemodynamic changes. |
| Key Words:
Clonidine; Spinal anesthesia; Tetracaine |
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