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Korean J Anesthesiol > Epub ahead of print
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4097/kja.24569    [Epub ahead of print]
Published online January 21, 2025.
Analgesic efficacy of the external oblique intercostal fascial plane block on postoperative acute pain in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial
Elif Sarikaya Ozel  , Cengiz Kaya  , Esra Turunc  , Yasemin B. Ustun  , Halil Cebeci  , Burhan Dost 
Department of Anesthesiology, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey, TR55139
Corresponding author:  Cengiz Kaya, Tel: 00903623121919 (ext. 4114), Fax: 00903624576446, 
Email: cengiz.kaya@omu.edu.tr
Received: 14 August 2024   • Revised: 17 November 2024   • Accepted: 17 November 2024
*Elif Sarikaya Ozel and Cengiz Kaya contributed equally to this study as co-first authors.
Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) causes significant postoperative pain, necessitating effective multimodal analgesia strategies. This study evaluated the efficacy of the external oblique intercostal block (EOIB) in this context.
Methods
This prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind study conducted between April and December 2023 included 60 patients who underwent LSG. Patients were divided into the EOIB (30 ml 0.25% bupivacaine/side) and control (no block) groups. The primary outcome was the cumulative intravenous (IV) morphine milligram equivalent (MME) consumption in the first 24 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included 12-h MME consumption, pain scores, intraoperative remifentanil use, rescue analgesia requirements, time to first analgesic request, nausea/vomiting scores, antiemetic use, and American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire-Revised Turkish Version (APS-POQ-R-TR) scores.
Results
The control group had significantly higher median opioid consumption than the EOIB group at 12 (14.4 vs. 5.8 mg; P < 0.001) and 24 h (25.9 vs. 10.6 mg; P < 0.001) postoperatively. The need for rescue analgesics did not differ significantly (43.3 vs. 23.3%: P = 0.1). The EOIB group exhibited significantly higher patient satisfaction (APS-POQ-R-TR score 2.91 vs. 4.42; P < 0.001) and consistently lower pain scores across all time points (P < 0.001) The EOIB group had lower nausea/vomiting scores (P < 0.001), fewer patients requiring antiemetics (16.7% vs. 40%; P = 0.045), longer time to first morphine request (57.5 vs. 25 min; P < 0.001), and lower remifentanil use (850 vs. 1050 μg; P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The preoperative EOIB, as a part of multimodal analgesia, provides effective analgesia for acute pain in patients undergoing LSG.
Key Words: Acute pain; Bariatric surgery; External oblique intercostal block; Gastrectomy; Laparoscopy; Nerve block; Postoperative pain; Regional anesthesia; Ultrasonography


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