1. Cusick RA. Pediatric inguinal hernias, hydroceles, and undescended testicles. Surg Clin North Am 2012; 92: 487-504.
2. Bharathi RS, Arora M, Baskaran V. Pediatric inguinal hernia: laparoscopic versus open surgery. JSLS 2008; 12: 277-81.
6. She YJ, Xie GT, Tan YH, Kuang XH, Yu GF, Lian GH, et al. A prospective study comparing the onset and analgesic efficacy of different concentrations of levobupivacaine with/without dexmedetomidine in young children undergoing caudal blockade. J Clin Anesth 2015; 27: 17-22.
7. Seyedhejazi M, Sheikhzadeh D, Adrang Z, Rashed FK. Comparing the analgesic effect of caudal and ilioinguinal iliohypogastric nerve blockade using bupivacaine-clonidine in inguinal surgeries in children 2-7 years old. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2014; 11: 166-9.
9. Baird R, Guilbault M-P, Tessier R, Ansermino JM. A systematic review and meta-analysis of caudal blockade versus alternative analgesic strategies for pediatric inguinal hernia repair. J Pediatr Surg 2013; 48: 1077-85.
11. Li Z, Tian M, Zhang CY, Li AZ, Huang AJ, Shi CX, et al. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of intrathecal bupivacaine combined with different adjuvants (fentanyl, clonidine and dexmedetomidine) in caesarean section. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2015; 65: 581-6.
15. El-Hennawy A, Abd-Elwahab A, Abd-Elmaksoud A, El-Ozairy H, Boulis S. Addition of clonidine or dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine prolongs caudal analgesia in children. Br J Anaesth 2009; 103: 268-74.
16. Al-Zaben KR, Qudaisat IY, Abu-Halaweh SA, Al-Ghanem SM, Al-Mustafa MM, Alja'bari AN, et al. Comparison of caudal bupivacaine alone with bupivacaine plus two doses of dexmedetomidine for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing infra-umbilical surgery: a randomized controlled double-blinded study. Paediatr Anaesth 2015; 25: 883-90.
17. Saadawy I, Boker A, Elshahawy MA, Almazrooa A, Melibary S, Abdellatif AA, et al. Effect of dexmedetomidine on the characteristics of bupivacaine in a caudal block in pediatrics. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53: 251-6.
18. Xiang Q, Huang DY, Zhao YL, Wang GH, Liu YX, Zhong L, et al. Caudal dexmedetomidine combined with bupivacaine inhibit the response to hernial sac traction in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair. Br J Anaesth 2013; 110: 420-4.
19. Bong CL, Yeo AS, Fabila T, Tan JS. A pilot study of dexmedetomidine sedation and caudal anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair in infants. Paediatr Anaesth 2016; 26: 621-7.
20. Pant D, Sethi N, Sood J. Comparison of sublingual midazolam and dexmedetomidine for premedication in children. Minerva Anestesiol 2014; 80: 167-75.
21. Gupta A. Wound infiltration with local anaesthetics in ambulatory surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2010; 23: 708-13.
24. Kang H. The effect of dexmedetomidine added to preemptive ropivacaine infiltration on post-operative pain after inguinal herniorrhaphy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eur Surg 2012; 44: 274-80.
25. Yu JM, Sun H, Wu C, Dong CS, Lu Y, Zhang Y. The analgesic effect of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine for incision infiltration after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2016; 26: 449-54.
26. Jyothi B, Govindaraj K, Shaikh S. Comparison of analgesic efficacy of levobupivacaine, levobupivacaine and clonidine, and levobupivacaine and dexmedetomidine in wound infiltration technique for abdominal surgeries: a prospective randomized controlled study. Indian J Pain 2017; 31: 127-32.
28. Pratap JN, Shankar RK, Goroszeniuk T. Co-injection of clonidine prolongs the anesthetic effect of lidocaine skin infiltration by a peripheral action. Anesth Analg 2007; 104: 982-3.
29. Abdelnaim HE, Mohamed NN, Saleh AH, Youssef AN. Comparison between bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine mixture and bupivacaine-magnesium mixture when used for wound infiltration before skin incision in surgeries for hernia repair regarding their intraoperative and postoperative analgesic effects. Ain-Shams J Anesthesiol 2018; 10: 10.
30. Cheung CW, Ng KF, Choi WS, Chiu WK, Ying CL, Irwin MG. Evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of local dexmedetomidine application. Clin J Pain 2011; 27: 377-82.