| Respiratory failure following patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in a patient with chronic renal failure: A case report. |
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Young Bok Lee, Kwang Ho Lee, Jong Taek Park, Se Hui Lee, Myoung Chan Ahn |
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Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea. khl6006@yahoo.co.kr |
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| Abstract |
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A 28-year old woman in DM (Ed note: Define DM) and chronic renal failure underwent an uneventful open reduction and internal fixation for an ankle fracture under spinal anesthesia. PCA with fentanyl and tramadol was started in the operating room with a background infusion of 2 ml/hr (10 microgram/h of fentanyl and 6 mg/h of tramadol), a bolus dose of 2 ml and a lockout interval of fifteen minutes.
Approximately eight hours after initiating PCA the patient was found unresponsive in the ward with respiratory failure.
Resuscitation was started with endotracheal intubation and cardiac massage with an injection of epinephrine and atropine. The patient made a full and immediate recovery two hours later. |
| Key Words:
chronic renal failure; fentanyl; respiratory failure; resuscitation; tramadol |
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