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Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2003;44(6):777-784.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2003.44.6.777   
Effect of Clonidine Supplementation on Jugular Bulb Oxygen Saturation and Carbon Dioxide Reactivity during Desflurane Anesthesia.
Jun Yong In, Youn suk Lee, Jun Heum Yon, Ki Hyuk Hong
Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital,College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea. ylee@sanggyepaik.ac.kr
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The alpha2-agonist clonidine is an adjunct in general anesthesia. Clonidine constricts cerebral arteries and decreases cerebral blood flow (CBF), but does not alter cerebral metabolic rate (CMR). Thus cerebral ischemia is possible due to CBF/CMR imbalance. This study was designed to prove the effects of clonidine bolus up on CBF and CO2 reactivity in desflurane anesthesia.
METHODS
Thirty patients were divided into a clonidine group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and pancuronium, and maintained with 50% N2O/O2/ Desflurane. The jugular bulb was cannulated to measure jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjO2). MAP and SjO2 were measured after induction, after clonidine (2 microgram/kg) or normal saline administration and during hyperventilation.
RESULTS
After clonidine administration, MAP decreased from 95.7+/-9.8 mmHg to 81.1+/-6.3 mmHg and was 79.9+/-5.0 mmHg during hyperventilation. In the control group, the corresponding MAP values 95.7+/-9.8 mmHg, 81.1+/-6.3 mmHg and 79.9+/-5.0 mmHg. After clonidine administration, SjO2 was decreased from 84.7+/-3.7% to 81.1+/-5.2%, and was 71.5+/-8.4% during hyperventilation (P = 0.003, P = 0.000) and in control group, there were 95.7+/-9.8%, 81.1+/-6.3% and 79.9+/-5.0%, respectively. CO2 reactivity was expressed as a change of SjO2 per unit change of PaCO2, 1.15+/-1.19%/mmHg versus 1.43+/-0.98%/mmHg (P = 0.49).
CONCLUSIONS
During desflurane anesthesia, clonidine-induced constriction of the cerebral arteries was demonstrated but CO2 reactivity was well preserved.
Key Words: Cerebral blood flow; carbon dioxide reactivity; clonidine; desflurane; jugular bulb oxygen saturation


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